Factors affecting on Patient Safety Management Activities among Operating Room Nurses.

Abstract

This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the level of nursing professionalism, teamwork, nursing work environment, and patient safety management activities among operating room (OR) nurses and to identify influencing factors of patient safety management activities. Anonymous paper-based surveys were conducted for a convenience sample of OR nurses (n =120) from two university-affiliated hospitals located in Gyeonggi-do from February 15 to March 12, 2021. The level of Patient Safety Management Activities was measured with the Patient Safety Management Activity measurement questionnairedeveloped by Jung (2013). The level of Nursing Professionalism was measured by using a Nursing Professional value scale( Yeun et al. 2005). The level of Teamwork was measured with a Teamwork measurement tool, developed by Larson and LaFasto (1989) and translated into Korean by Kim (2006). The level of Nursing Work Environment was measured with the Korean version of the Practice Environment Scale of Nursing Work Index, which was developed by Cho et al. (2011) based on the Practice Environment scale of the Nursing Work Index proposed by Lake (2002). Data were analyzed with Descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlations, and a Hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis. The main results of this study are as follows. 1) The mean score of subjects for Patient Safety Management Activities was 4.37±0.43 out of 5, that for Nursing Professionalism was 3.50±0.41 out of 5, that for Teamwork was 3.57±0.47 out of 5, and that for Nursing Work Environment was 2.61±0.25 out of 4. 2) In terms of the general characteristics of subjects, the scores of subjects for Patient Safety Management Activities showed a statistically significant difference according to their position (t=-2.07, p=. 040). Patient Safety Management Activities of subjects had a significantly positive correlation with their nursing professionalism (r=. 34, p<.001), Teamwork (r=. 37, p<.001), and Nursing Work Environment (r=. 26, p=. 004). 3) Based on the result of the multiple linear regression analysis, it was found that a regression model with Nursing Professionalism, Teamwork, Nursing Work Environment, and position showed statistical significance (F=7.80, p<.001) and that explanatory power of the regression model for Patient Safety Management Activities was 21%. The most significant factor for Patient Safety Management Activities was Teamwork (β= .25, p= .028), followed by Nursing Professionalism (β= .24, p= .016). Based on the research results indicated above, educational programs, appropriate for OR characteristics, should be developed to enhance the perception of OR nurses toward Professional Nurses at the individual level, encourage the Teamwork of Operating team members at the organizational level, and ultimately increase the level of Patient Safety Management Activities of OR nurses.

본 연구는 수술실 간호사의 간호전문직관, 팀워크, 간호근무환경 및 환자안전관리활동 수준을 살펴보고 환자안전관리활동 영향요인을 파악하기 위한 횡단적 조사연구이다. 본 연구는 경기도 소재 2개 대학병원 수술실 간호사 120명을 대상으로 2021년 2월 15일부터 2021년 3월 12일까지 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 자료를 수집하였다. 환자안전관리활동은 정회진(2013)이 수술실 간호사를 대상으로 개발한 환자안전관리활동 수행 도구를 사용하여 측정하였고, 간호전문직관은 윤은자 등(2005)이 개발한 간호전문직관 측정 도구를 사용하여 측정하였다. 팀워크는 Larson과 LaFasto(1989)가 개발하고 김태백(2006)이 한국어로 번역한 팀워크 도구를 사용하여 측정하였으며, 간호근무환경은 Lake(2002)가 개발한 Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index를 조은희 등(2011)이 국내 간호사를 대상으로 신뢰도와 타당도를 검증한 한국어판 간호업무환경측정도구를 사용하여 측정하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/WIN 22.0 프로그램을 이용하여 기술통계, t-test, ANOVA, 상관분석, 위계적 다중회귀분석을 이용하여 분석하였다. 본 연구목적에 따른 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 대상자의 환자안전관리활동은 5점 만점에 평균 4.37±0.43점, 간호전문직관은 5점 만점에 평균 3.50±0.41점, 팀워크는 5점 만점에 평균 3.57±0.47점, 간호근무환경은 4점 만점에 평균 2.61±0.25점이었다. 2) 대상자의 일반적 특성 중 직위(t=-2.07, p=. 040)에 따라 환자안전관리활동의 점수에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 대상자의 환자안전관리활동은 간호전문직관(r=. 34, p<.001), 팀워크(r=. 37, p<.001), 간호근무환경(r=. 26, p=. 004)과 유의한 양의 상관관계가 있었다. 3) 다중회귀분석 결과, 간호전문직관, 팀워크, 간호근무환경, 직위를 포함한 회귀모형은 통계적으로 유의하였으며(F=7.80, p<.001), 환자안전관리활동에 대한 회귀모형의 설명력은 21%였다. 환자안전관리활동의 유의한 영향요인은 팀워크(β= .25, p= .028), 간호전문직관(β= .24, p= .016) 순으로 나타났다. 이상의 연구결과를 바탕으로 수술실 간호사의 환자안전관리활동 향상을 위해 개인적 수준에서 간호전문직에 대한 인식을 개선하고, 조직적 수준에서 팀 구성원들 간의 팀워크를 향상할 수 있도록 수술실 특성에 적합한 교육프로그램을 포함한 다양한 중재 전략 개발을 제언한다.