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Electrical stimulation promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury by activating endogenous spinal cord-derived neural stem/progenitor cell: an in vitro and in vivo study

Authors
Bang, WS | Han, I | Mun, SA | Hwang, JM | Noh, SH  | Son, W | Cho, DC | Kim, BJ | Kim, CH | Choi, H | Kim, KT
Citation
The spine journal, 24(3). : 534-553, 2024
Journal Title
The spine journal
ISSN
1529-94301878-1632
Abstract
Background context: Electrical stimulation is a noninvasive treatment method that has gained popularity in the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI). Activation of spinal cord-derived neural stem/progenitor cell (SC-NSPC) proliferation and differentiation in the injured spinal cord may elicit considerable neural regenerative effects. Purpose: This study aimed to explore the effect of electrical stimulation on the neurogenesis of SC-NSPCs. Study design: This study analyzed the effects of electrical stimulation on neurogenesis in rodent SC-NSPCs in vitro and in vivo and evaluated functional recovery and neural circuitry improvements with electrical stimulation using a rodent SCI model. Methods: Rats (20 rats/group) were assigned to sham (Group 1), SCI only (Group 2), SCI + electrode implant without stimulation (Group 3), and SCI + electrode with stimulation (Group 4) groups to count total SC-NSPCs and differentiated neurons and to evaluate morphological changes in differentiated neurons. Furthermore, the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan scores were analyzed, and the motor- and somatosensory-evoked potentials in all rats were monitored. Results: Biphasic electrical currents enhanced SC-NSPC proliferation differentiation and caused qualitative morphological changes in differentiated neurons in vitro. Electrical stimulation promoted SC-NSPC proliferation and neuronal differentiation and improved functional outcomes and neural circuitry in SCI models. Increased Wnt3, Wnt7, and β-catenin protein levels were also observed after electrical stimulation. Conclusions: Our study proved the beneficial effects of electrical stimulation on SCI. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation may be associated with this relationship between electrical stimulation and neuronal regeneration after SCI. Clinical significance: The study confirmed the benefits of electrical stimulation on SCI based on cellular, functional, electrophysiological, and histological evidence. Based on these findings, we expect electrical stimulation to make a positive and significant difference in SCI treatment strategies.
Keywords

MeSH

DOI
10.1016/j.spinee.2023.10.004
PMID
37871660
Appears in Collections:
Journal Papers > School of Medicine / Graduate School of Medicine > Neurosurgery
Ajou Authors
노, 성현
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