Leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava(IVC) is a rare tumor and has a poor prognosis. Recently, newer imaging modalities including ultrasound, computed tomographic scan, magnetic resonance imaging and cavovenography make it possible to detect in its early stage of proression. The best therapeutic management is surgical resection and the effects of postoperative adjuvant therapies on patients' survival are still debatable. We report herein our experience of 45-year-old woman whose leiomyosarcoma of the IVC was successfully resected without reconstruction of the IVC.